Aerial equipment

Aerial camera Vexcel UltraCam Eagle Prime

Engineering specifications:

Focal length100,5 mm, 210 mm
Number of CCD-sensors13 items
Distortion< 2 micrometer
Data storage capacityunlimited when using plug-in modules, 10Tbayt ~ 6100 pictures in each block

Sensor characteristics:

Focal length100,5 mm 210 mm
Size of image23010х14790 points
Size of pixel4,6 micrometer
Size of focal plane105,85х68,03 mm
Maximal compensation of image offset50 pixels at most
Covering across/along route55,8°/37,6° respectively (for f100 lens system)28,3°/18,4° respectively (for f210 lens system)
Resolution when H=500/300 m2,3/1,4 cm1,1/0,7 cm

Advantages:

This camera has a number of advantages over the previously used Vexcel UltraCam-X. Significantly increased the size of the panchromatic image, which makes it easier to perform the scope of work and increased productivity, reduced weight and dimensions of the camera and the system of interchangeable lenses with focal lengths of 80 mm, 100 mm, 120 mm and 210 mm makes the camera versatile and unique.

As used in the touch matrix block design with wide dynamic range (16 bits / pixel) provides a great opportunity in the processing of raw data, allow for a good elaboration and the stark shaded objects in the pictures, show good results in high-contrast conditions.

Output photos can be used for solution of wide circle of problems with minimal costs for their subsequent processing, namely, for:

  • topographic and cadastral mapping within the entire range of scales;
  • production and updating of map materials;
  • building orthophotos and 3D-models of terrain;
  • solution of engineering survey problems;
  • estimation of emergency aftermaths and for monitoring of emergency situations.

Usage of the near infrared range channel expands fields of aerial camera application, in particular, its using in forestry and agriculture, geology, ecology, biogeochemistry etc.

Airborne Laser Terrain Mapper Optech ALTM Gemini

Engineering specifications:

Operation altitudes150 – 4000 m above surface
Basic specification of accuracyFrequency of laser radiationHorizontal accuracyVertical accuracy
33 kHz
50 kHz
1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 5 cm to 500 m
From < 10 cm to 1 km
From < 15 cm to 2 km
From < 20 cm to 3 km
From < 25 cm to 4 km
70 kHz1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 5 cm to 500 m
From < 10 cm to 1 km
From < 15 cm to 2 km
100 kHz1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 10 cm to 500 m
From < 15 cm to 1 km
From < 20 cm to 2 km
125 kHz1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 10 cm to 500 m
From < 15 cm to 1 km
143 kHz1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 15 cm to 500 m
From < 20 cm to 1,000 m
167 kHz1/5500 x altitudeFrom < 15 cm to 500 m
From < 35 cm to 750 m
Number of recorded reflections of laser pulseAt most 4 distance measurements for every pulse including the last reflection.
Intensity recordingThe dynamic range of 12 bits for every measurementі
Scanning frequencyMeasured; maximum, 70 Hz
Scanning angleMeasured; from 0 to ± 25° with step of ±1°
Compensation of rollsRefresh rate of 5 Hz (scanning angle + angle of compensated roll = 30°, for example, ± 20° means that compensation amounts to ± 10°)
Bandwidth of aerial imageryAdjusted; from 0 to 0.93 x altitude (m)
Geo-positioning systemThe POS AV™ 510 (OEM) system includes the in-built 72-channel GNSS–receiver (GPS and GLONASS)
Laser radiation frequency (in the mode of tracking of several targets)33 kHz (maximum, 4.0 km AGL)
50 kHz (maximum, 3.0 km AGL)
70 kHz (maximum, 2.5 km AGL)
100 kHz (maximum, 2.0 km AGL)
125 kHz (maximum, 1.6 km AGL)
142 kHz (maximum, 1.4 km AGL)
167 kHz (maximum, 1.2 km AGL)
Hard disk for data storingDurable replaceable hard disk (7 hours of uninterrupted recording when laser frequency amounts to 100 kHz)
Divergence of laser rayDouble divergence - 0.25 millirad (1/e) and 0.8 millirad (1/e)
Laser classClass IV (FDA CFR 21)
Power-supply voltage28 V (direct current), 35 A (maximal current value)
Operation temperatureControl block: from 10° to +35° C
Laser sensor: from -10° to 35° C (thermal stabilization using is assumed)
Storage temperatureControl block: from – 10° to + 50° C
Control block: from – 10° to + 50° C
Humidity0 – 95 % without condensate
Dimensions and weight of control block653 mm x 591 mm x 485 mm, 55 kg
Dimensions and weight of laser sensor298 mm x 249 mm x 437 mm, 23 kg

Advantages of ALTM GEMINI:

  • the multi-pulse technology is applied. It provides frequency of probe pulses in the amount of 157 kHz at most;
  • high scanning frequency (70 hz at most);
  • the intellectual control system of laser scanning operation automatically regulates frequency of laser probing pulses, thereby the problem of ranging ambiguity is solved;
  • receiving high density 3-d data of high accuracy;
  • opportunity to use device at night;
  • realization of independent channels for measuring coordinates and intensity in absolute coordinates with reciprocal accuracy of measurements between pulses in the amount of 5 cm at least;
  • performance of aerial imagery of the area object, when conducting aerial-imagery operations for manufacturing of large-scaled cartographic products (1:5,000 and larger), amounts to 1,000 square meters per less than 12 flight hours and is provided with opportunity to output the digital terrain model within 24 hours after aerial imagery finishing;
  • ranging to object independently on type of its surface.

Airborne Laser Scanners of the ALTM class are used for:

  • large-scale topographic mapping in scales of 1:500, 1:1,000, 1:2,000 and smaller;
  • building of digital relief models (drm), digital terrain models (dtm), and 3-d digital models;
  • solution of wide spectrum of applied problems including those ones in the field of oil and gas industry, land management and cadastre creation, engineering surveys, inspection of power lines and other line objects (oil- and gas pipelines, motor-roads, railways etc.), in the field of forestry, ecology, prevention and monitoring of emergency situations etc.

IMU navigation system IGI IMU AeroControl II-d (256Hz)

Engineering specifications:

Optic-fiber gyroscopeoffset of 0.1°/hour
Optic-fiber gyroscope drift of 0.02°/√(hour)
Angle resolution0.0019 millirad (256 Hz)
Accelerometer bias0.5 milligal
Accelerometer resolution0,061*10-3m/second (256 Hz)
Reading speed256 Hz

Angle resolution:

Depending on the GPS state and with the aid of AEROCONTROL DGPS and the IMU-IId data following accuracies are expected to be generated when distance to the base station станции < 30. 

In layoutRMS <0.05 mPhi/OmegaRMS 0.004°
On the basis of altitudeRMS <0.1 mKappaRMS 0.01°

Advantages of this navigation system:

  • Capability to operate and control the separated system and integrated one apart (in combination with CCNS5);
  • Provision of the direct geo-positioning;
  • Real-time measurements;
  • Considerable reduction of geodesic operations.

GNSS/IMU navigation system Applanix POS AV 510

Engineering specifications:

Types of possible receipted signals (depending on option):GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2E, L5 
GLONASS: L1 C/A and encrypted P code, L2 C/A and encrypted P Code, L3 CDMA8  
GALILEO9: L1 CBOC, E5A, E5B, E5AltBOC 
QZSS: L1 C/A, L1C, L1 SAIF, L2C, L5, LEX10 SBAS: L1 C/A (EGNOS/MSAS), L1 C/A and L5 (WAAS) 
L-Band: OmniSTAR VBS, XP, HP and G2
Sensor frequency256-512 Hz
Dimensions169х186х68; 163х165х163
Weight7,4 kg
Consumed capacity59 Wt at 28 V
Operating range of temperaturesfrom -20 С to +50 С
Altitude rangefrom 0 to 7620 m

Advantages of this navigation system:

  • Accurate real-time positioning at all angles, including specific parameters of external orientation, which belong to specific sensors;
  • No necessity of making geodesic works for conducting aerial triangulation (as a rule, only checkpoints are used for checking quality of received findings);
  • The one-rime processing and checking quality of received findings;
  • This system increases efficiency of traditional mapping operations on the basis of serial imagery findings. It, in its turn, reduces operating costs and time spending, thereby increasing accuracy of final data;
  • Simple integration with aerial photo-cameras, laser scanners, multi-spectral and SAR imagery systems;
  • It fits ideally for severe conditions, where making land-based geodesic works is difficult or impossible.

CCNS-5 Computer Controlled Navigation System

Engineering specifications:

Screen resolution1024 х 768 піксель
Display diagonal6,5 дюймов 
Typical viewing angles80° (по горизонталі і зверху),  60° (знизу)
Contrast120:1
Used technology Super Transmissive Natural Light Technology which reduces surface reflections and leaves the screen readable in bright sunlight
GPS receiver 
Indoor50-channel GPS L1 C / A Code & SBAS receiver. WAAS / EGNOS / MSAS support
ExternalAEROcontrol or other external GNSS receiver
Required software
Flight mission planning softwareIGIplan
GNSS / IMU post-processing softwareAEROoffice
Data storage (SD card)8 GB

Advantages of this navigation system:

The CCNS-5 navigation system is a positioning and control system for aerial photography missions. This system is smaller, lighter and more functional than its predecessor. The CCNS-5 has two 6.5-inch displays (for the operator and pilot). The displays have extra brightness and are well readable in bright sunlight. The system can work with all common types of sensors, both digital and analogue AFC, aerial thermal imaging cameras, as well as hyperspectral, Lidar and SAR systems. The system can also be optimized for any other sensors.

ALTM NAV Navigation system

The ALTM-NAV software of Optech Company intended for flight control provides full set of functions in one package convenient for operation. The ALTM-NAV software includes the module for planning of aerial imagery before flight as well as modules of control, supervision and navigation during flying. It is unified for using of all the line of company laser sensors.

Specifics:

  • in-built functions for planning of operations of aerial laser scanning, video-camera, and photo-camera for simultaneous reception of data from several instruments;
  • basic functions of data collection planning for building the necessary digital terrain model;
  • direct export of receipted data into the Google earth™ engine;
  • supporting operation of aerial photographic cameras of leading manufacturers.

UltraMap - photogrammetry post-processing software

The UltraMap software of Vexcel ImagingGmbH Company is intended for the primary processing of images produced with the aid of digital aerial photographic cameras belonging to the UltraCam family and for solving a package of photogrammetry problems.

Provides:

  • processing of large volumes of raster images owing to applying the “dragon fly” technology;
  • the distortion-free radiometric correction of raster image;
  • distributed processing;
  • distributed processing;
  • intellectual decimation of binding points made on the basis of analyzing aerial photos;
  • support of 16-bit images during all processing phases;
  • support of the GPS/IMU data.

Advantages:

  • high-performance visualization of data;
  • high-level automation process;
  • high-level automation process;
  • elimination of coarse errors (artefacts), effects of atmospheric phenomena and fog when conducting radiometric correction;
  • operative provision of the system-generated report;
  • the fast computer-aided and uninterrupted loading of data from replaceable devices of information storing;
  • reliable computer-aided plotting of binding points;
  • convenient user interface for adjustment and project management;
  • simple file format for import and export of data.

Terrasolid- software ror point cloud and image processing

Terrasolid applications provide versatile and capable tools for surveyors, civil engineers, designers, planners, and anyone who needs to process and utlize 3D LiDAR data.

The software offers a range of software to cover the whole production cycle from calibrating and matching raw data to the creation of final 3D vector models, ortho photos and terrain representations, advanced visualizations of point clouds, etc., regardless of the data source and sensor.

The TerraScan, TerraModeler, TerraPhoto, TerraMatch application work in the CAD-systems environment from Bentley Systems.

TerraScan — is the main application in the Terrasolid Software family for managing and processing LiDAR point clouds. It offers import and project structuring tools for handling the large amount of points of a laser scanning campaign as well as the corresponding trajectory information. Various classification routines enable the automatic filtering of the point cloud. The results from the automatic classification can be refined by using half-automatic and manual classification tools in combination with versatile 3D point cloud visualization options.

TerraScan supports several import and export formats, including the LAS format, TerraScan Binary and TerraScan Fast Binary formats, as well as ASCII formats that can be defined according to the users' needs.

TerraModeler creates surface models (TINs) from various sources, such as LiDAR points stored in binary files or loaded in TerraScan, XYZ ascii files and graphical design elements. The software offers versatile visualization options including colored shaded surfaces, contour lines, grids, colored triangle nets, elevation texts, slope directions and textured surfaces (in combination with TerraPhoto).

Additional functionality includes the production of contour lines and lattice models in batch processing, modification of the TIN, creation of profiles, calculation of volumes, calculation of elevation or volume differences between two surface models, several labeling options as well as other tools for design purposes. Completed with various export options, TerraModeler is a versatile tool for many kinds of design and modeling tasks.

TerraMatch — is a sophisticated tool for improving the accuracy and quality of the raw laser point cloud. It compares laser data from overlapping flight or drive paths and calculates correction values for the misalignment angles as well as xyz location errors. The comparison and correction value calculation can be either based on surface matching or on different types of tie lines. TerraMatch must be accompanied by TerraScan.

TerraMatch is used in conjunction with TerraScan.

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